What is the difference between vitamins, minerals and trace elements?
Vitamins, minerals and trace elements are all vital for the optimal functioning of the body. But what exactly is the difference between these nutrients? Learn about their unique roles and importance to your health.
Introduction
When it comes to nutrients that the body needs to function, we often hear about vitamins, minerals and trace elements.
But what sets these apart, and why are they so important?
Understanding their roles can help you make more conscious choices when it comes to your diet and your health.
What are vitamins?
Vitamins are organic substances that the body needs in small quantities to maintain important functions.
Since the body cannot produce enough vitamins on its own, they must be supplied through the diet.
Fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins
Vitamins are divided into two categories:
- Fat-soluble vitamins: These are stored in the fatty tissue of the body and liver. Examples include vitamin A, D, E, and K.
- Water-soluble vitamins: These are not stored in the body but are excreted via the urine. Examples include vitamin C and B vitamins.
Why are vitamins important?
Vitamins play a crucial role in the body's metabolism.
For example, vitamin C helps strengthen the body's connective tissue, while B vitamins are important for energy metabolism.
What are minerals?
Minerals are inorganic substances that the body needs to build and regulate various systems.
For example, they are important for the strength of the skeleton, the functioning of the muscles and the regulation of blood pressure.
Macrominerals and trace elements
Minerals are divided into two groups depending on how much the body needs:
- Macrominerals: The body needs these in larger quantities. Examples include calcium, magnesium and potassium.
- Trace elements: These are needed in very small amounts but are still essential for the functions of the body. Examples include iron, zinc, and selenium.
Functions of minerals
Minerals are essential for building strong bones and teeth, regulating blood pressure and supporting the nervous system.
Calcium, for example, is essential for the strength of the skeleton, while magnesium is important for muscle relaxation.
What are trace elements?
Trace elements are a subcategory of minerals that the body needs only in very small quantities.
Despite the fact that the need is small, their role in the body is great.
Examples of trace elements
- Iron: Important for the transport of oxygen in the blood.
- Zinc: Supports the immune system and wound healing.
- Selenium: Has antioxidant properties and protects cells from damage.
Importance of trace elements
Trace elements often act as cofactors for enzymes, which means they help speed up chemical reactions in the body.
Differences between vitamins, minerals and trace elements
Often act as catalysts for important processes, such as energy metabolism and immune system function.
Minerals and trace elements, on the other hand, are inorganic substances that contribute to the structure of the body, such as the strength of the skeleton, and support enzymatic processes.
Summary
Understanding the difference between vitamins, minerals and trace elements is the key to creating a balanced diet and keeping the body in top shape.
By eating a varied diet and, if necessary, supplementing with supplements, you can ensure that your body gets everything it needs.
References:
- The Book of Medicines. (2024). Vitamins, minerals and trace elements.
- Lars Ellegård, Pia Karlsland Åkesson & Karin Mathold. (2024). The Medicinal Book — Nutrition.
